American Bison

NT Herbivore Grasslands, Plains
318–1000 kg
Weight
15–20 yrs
Lifespan
56 km/h
Top Speed
North America
Found In

The American Bison is one of the most widely-recorded species in the U.S. national park system, with documented populations in 5 parks. Native populations and abundance vary park-by-park.

Found in 5 U.S. National Parks

The American Bison has 6 field records across 5 parks in the National Park Service biodiversity database, listed as native in 6 records.

Park Nativeness Abundance T&E Status
Grand Canyon National Park Native Abundant 50
Grand Teton National Park Native Common
Great Smoky Mountains National Park Native NA 50
Great Smoky Mountains National Park Native NA
Indiana Dunes National Park Native NA 50
Rocky Mountain National Park Native NA

Abundance Distribution

NA4Abundant1Common1

Size, Speed & Lifespan

Metric American Bison Herbivore Mammals Median Difference
Weight 659 kg 117.3 kg ↑ 462%
Height 169 cm
Top Speed 56 km/h 40 km/h ↑ 40%
Avg Speed 48 km/h
Lifespan 17.5 yrs 22.5 yrs ↓ 22%
Weight (kg)659avg 117.3Speed (km/h)56avg 40Lifespan (yrs)17.5avg 22.5

Endemic to North America

Habitat: Grasslands, Plains
Found In: North America
Coloration: Brown

Behavior

Natural Predators

Social Structure

Recorded as Group-based.

Reproduction & Lifespan

Gestation Period: 270–290 days
Offspring per Birth: 1
Lifespan: 15–20 years

A Near-Threatened Population

NT Listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List — one of 14 species in this database with the same status.

Weight Rank Among Near Threatened Species

Ranked #3 of 14 by typical adult weight.

# Species Weight Status
1 White Rhinoceros 1800–2500 kg NT
2 Narwhal Up to 1600 kg NT
3 American Bison 318–1000 kg NT
4 Markhor Up to 110 kg NT
5 Gerenuk 28–52 kg NT
6 Emperor Penguin 22–45 kg NT

Other Bovidae Species

The Bovidae family has 10 species in this database. Compare close taxonomic relatives:

Species Weight Diet Status
Alpine Ibex 19–120 kg Herbivore LC
Arabian Oryx 65–90 kg Herbivore VU
Gaur 600–1300 kg Herbivore VU
Gerenuk 28–52 kg Herbivore NT
Markhor Up to 110 kg Herbivore NT
Saola Up to 100 kg Herbivore CR
Water Buffalo 300–1200 kg Herbivore LC
Wildebeest 200–390 kg Herbivore LC
Yak 500–1200 kg Herbivore LC

Similar Herbivore mammals