Wildlife in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Great Smoky Mountains National Park is home to 28,670 documented species across 16 categories, including 19 threatened or endangered species and 2806 native species.

28,670
Total Species
16
Categories
19
Threatened
2,806
Native Species

Biodiversity Overview

Species by Category

Insect12,398Fungi5,243Spider/Scorpion4,630Vascular Plant2,163Non-vascular Plant1,039Other Non-vertebrates993Chromista654Bacteria294Slug/Snail291Bird267Protozoa257Crab/Lobster/Shrimp125Fish110Mammal101Amphibian58Reptile47

Native vs Non-Native Species

Native: 2,806 species (10%)
Non-native: 538 species (2%)

Abundance Distribution

Abundance Level Species Count Percentage
Unknown 17,108 59.7%
NA 7,328 25.6%
Rare 1,564 5.5%
Common 1,143 4%
Uncommon 1,122 3.9%
Abundant 288 1%

Threatened & Endangered Species

Endangered Species List

Great Smoky Mountains National Park contains 19 species with federal threatened or endangered status.

Species Category Status Nativeness
Red-cockaded Woodpecker Bird EN Native
DUSKYTAIL DARTER Fish EN Native
SMOKY MADTOM Fish EN Native
Spotfin chub Fish NA Native
YELLOWFIN MADTOM Fish NA Native
Rusty Patched Bumble Bee Insect EN Unknown
Carolina northern flying squirrel Mammal EN Native
GRAY MYOTIS, Gray bat Mammal EN Native
GRAY WOLF Mammal EN Native
Indiana Myotis, Social Bat Mammal EN Native
northern Myotis, Keen's Myotis Mammal EN Native
Tricolored bat Mammal NA Native
Cumberland moccasinshell Other Non-vertebrates NA Unknown
Tennessee clubshell Other Non-vertebrates NA Unknown
Tennessee pigtoe Other Non-vertebrates NA Unknown
NOONDAY HELIX Slug/Snail NA Native
NORTH CAROLINA FUNNELWEB TARANTULA Spider/Scorpion EN Native
Appalachian Avens Vascular Plant EN Native
Virginia Meadowsweet Vascular Plant NA Native

Conservation Priorities

Of the 28,670 species in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, 19 require active conservation management. The most species-rich category is Insect with 12,398 documented species.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many species are in Great Smoky Mountains National Park?

Great Smoky Mountains National Park has 28,670 documented species across 16 categories. Insect is the largest category with 12,398 species.

Are there endangered species in Great Smoky Mountains National Park?

Yes, Great Smoky Mountains National Park is home to 19 threatened or endangered species requiring conservation management.

What is the most common wildlife category?

The most common category is Insect (12,398 species), followed by Fungi (5,243).

Data Source: National Park Service (NPS) Biodiversity Database.

Last Updated: April 10, 2026